This article was first published on August 29, 2017 and updated in November 2019.
After centuries at the cross-roads between Asia and Europe, Azerbaijan’s food and culinary past has bred a range of dishes that include Indian, Chinese, Turkish, Iranian, Middle Eastern and Mediterranean influences. Just like South African food, the best Azerbaijan foods are those which show more than one type of cuisine and are true examples of fusion recipes.
But unlike the foodie trend, food in Azerbaijan is not a modern day interpretation of the centuries old traditions but rather a homage to the caravans that threaded the Silk Route and brought goods and produce from Africa to the Far East. When you sit down at a restaurant and decide what to eat in Azerbaijan, you will be taking a bite out of that history.
I believe food tells a lot about a culture so on my travels I always make sure to try as many dishes as possible. The best Azerbaijan food talks to the agricultural past of the country and to the fertile climatic zones outside of Baku which allows the country to grow a variety of grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts and to raise a number of different animals.
It is also some of the best I have tasted so I made the most of every meal and ate at all the best restaurants in Baku and the rest of the country.
This is a selection of the dishes you can’t miss when you visit Azerbaijan and some of the best restaurants to try them. So this guide will show you what to eat in Baku as well as a comprehensive list of what to eat in Azerbaijan itself. After exploring the cuisine, see the rest of the sites that the capital has to offer with my travel guide to Azerbaijan and Baku.
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Best Azerbaijan Food – What to eat in Azerbaijan
Some of the most typical Azeri dishes like kebab or tea can also be found elsewhere but in Azerbaijan they seemed to taste better. Do not leave the country without trying some of the following dishes and then some more interesting and fascinating facts about Azerbaijan for a little side of culture with your meal.
Plov or pilaf
Pilaf, or rice, is one of the most typical Azeri dishes. It resembles Indian Biryani or Moroccan spiced rice which often comes with dried fruits and nuts. And this is precisely the best part of Azeri pilaf, the touches of spices and dried fruits which give it an exotic and sweetish flavour.
Expect to enjoy it with saffron and cinnamon plus lots of dried fruits like apricot or even dates and chestnuts. Rice will usually be served with meat, most commonly mutton or lamb which are the favourite combinations. You can also get chicken with it.
The most revered of the rice dishes is Shakh Plov or King Pilaf which is a very unique recipe where the rice is encased in a round crust made with layers of crispy lavash, the thin tortilla style bread that usually accompanies the kebabs. When served, the cake is cut into four pieces so the rice inside is revealed to the guests in what is quite a spectacle.
Kebab
The omnipresent typically Turkish and Middle Eastern dish is perhaps the most common item in Azeri menus and it originated from the traditional way Azeris used to hunt for meat and thread it into metal skewers to grill it over fire, so it is authentic Azerbaijan traditional food.
Kebab purely stands for “fried meat” or barbecued in Arabic and it can include meats, fish or vegetables, or combinations of them properly marinated and spiced. When we think of kebab we usually think of skewers but kebabs can also simply refer to barbecued food served on a plate.
Traditionally, kebabs on skewers are called shishlik for the shish or metal skewer in which they are served. The word was introduced in the Russian language. The most common kebab is made of lamb and the differences between most kebab types lies in the marinade.
Qutab
A delicious sort of thick savory pancake filled with meats, cheese or vegetables like spinach along with yogurt mixed with coriander, fennel and sumac. Traditional qutab is not a simple pancake and the dough is made in a similar way to the Indian prata by combining several layers of cooked dough. They are truly delicious but also very rich as they tend to be cooked with lots of butter.
Dolma
Dolmas are the staple in Azerbaijan cuisine. To me, they remind me of the typical Lebanese stuffed vine leaves but in Azerbaijan they can also be made with cabbage or come in the form of stuffed vegetables like tomatoes, aubergines or peppers, so dolmas are as basically “stuffed vegetables”.
When they are stuffed with meat, dolmas are served warm and when they are stuffed with rice they are served cold, like in the Middle East. Originally, stuffed vegetables were enjoyed in Ancient Greece and called fyllas. Today’s word, dolma, comes from the Turkish for stuffing.
Dushbara
Dushbaras are some of the most delicious Azeri dishes. They are tiny little meat dumplings similar to the Nepalese, Bhutanese or Mongolian momo, the Japanese gyoza or Korean mandu in flavour, but resembling the Italian ravioli in shape. In Azerbaijan they are smaller and the dumpling dough is thicker. They are also usually served warm in a vegetable broth.
Pakhlava
Pakhlava are traditionally cooked for Novruz, the Zoroastrian festival celebrated in Azerbaijan when spring arrives, but today it is available everywhere and eaten at all times. They are very similar to the Turkish baklava and are incredibly sweet and filling so they make for the best companion to strong black tea that is so commonly drunk across the country.
Pakhlava are made of pastry layered with eight to ten levels of ground hazelnuts or walnuts mixed with honey or sugar and spices like cardamom or clove. The top layer is made with yolk mixed with saffron and topped with a piece of nut, either walnut or hazelnut. Pakhlava are some of the sweetest pastries you will ever find.
Badambura
Badambura is slightly less sweet than pakhlava and has no honey so it is less sticky as well. It is filled with plain ground sugar, almonds (badam in Azeri language), cardamom and vanilla so it is definitively filling too.
Ghuru Kingal
This dish is best described as a deconstructed meat dumpling that is as messy as it is delicious. It is usually made of a bottom layer of several wide strips or diamond shaped pieces of steamed dumpling pasta topped with minced lamb meat, fried onions and spices. Try it at Sahil Restaurant.
Saj
This is a meat and vegetable dish usually served in the traditional saj copper or cast-iron dish which comes to the table over a coal brazier or flame. Although it is usually made of lamb, you can find variations made of sturgeon, veal or chicken.
The copper dish was the traditional cooking method and it is still used today for serving the saj in some restaurants (like Zeytun which is a great place to enjoy it). The stir fried meat is served with fried vegetable slices placed around the plate and lavash, the thin flatbread.
Typical Azeri breakfast
I had booked the Fairmont Baku Flame Towers without breakfast because I wanted to ditch the international buffet option in favour of the local foods. But it turned out to be quite hard to find places that were open on weekend mornings. We did find a few (which I listed in the restaurant sections below) and managed to enjoy the traditional Azeri breakfast very much.
Being a bread lover, the Azerbaijani breakfast spread was a lovely start to the day. Locals eat tandoor-baked bread with honey, butter, cream and fresh cheese. Everything is accompanied by copious amounts of tea with jam. Although these are not exceptional ingredients or components at a breakfast table, the type and combinations are quite unique. See my full review of the Flame Towers or my extensive guide on the best luxury hotels in Azerbaijan and Baku.
The bread is baked in a traditional Indian-style clay tandoor oven, like the ones I saw in Djibouti, and is not your typical naan bread but a thicker version with a doughy center and a toasted crust with a dash of sesame seeds. It is delicious. The bread is eaten with rich, churned butter, fresh thick cream, fresh sheep cheese and honey. You can put it all on a plate and dip the bread or be like me and spread it over.
Vegetables like tomato and cucumber can also be served and everything is washed down with unlimited amounts of black tea that is served with a side of jammed fruit (see next). In order to choose your breakfast items, the server will come with a tray that includes them all in individually prepared small plates and you can pick the items that you prefer. Locals usually get the whole tray.
Tea with jam
Perhaps the most uniquely Azeri dish to try is the tea with jam. Tea came to Azerbaijan through the Silk Route trade with the Far East but the locals added an interesting element, a side of jammed fruit. That is, fruit that has been slowly baked with sugar as if to make jam, but has been left with pieces intact.
The tea itself is served very hot, strong, black and in small pear-shaped glasses, like in other places in the Middle East or Northern Africa like Morocco or Egypt. The shape of the glass is believed to represent the ideal shape of a woman. The tea comes with a slice of lemon and cubed sugar as well as the jammed fruit, but without milk.
The tradition of the sugar cubes is thought to come from medieval times when the king used it to test if the tea was poisoned as sugar was supposed to react to it. You are not meant to eat the jam but to place the piece in your mouth and drink the tea through it, like some might do with the sugar cubes. The water for tea is boiled in metal samovar containers.
When we were there it was the season for figs so our tea was served with entire figs that had been slowly cooked in sugar. This was actually one of the best ways to drink tea as I am not a big fan of its bitterness. The jam completely masked it.
The culture of tea is so widely spread that there are plenty of tea houses across the country, they are called chaykhana. Tea houses were traditionally the space for men as women were not visible in public life. At tea houses, tea is usually served continuously and people play backgammon or smoke shisha.
You may also find that tea is served at the beginning of a meal as a welcoming gesture and to incite conversation.
Piti
This is another unique dish that I have not seen anywhere else but it is common of Tajikistan, Armenia, Iran and Turkey. Piti is a mutton stew served with potatoes and chickpeas with an intense flavour and cooked inside the pots called piti in Turkish. The ingredients, especially the added fat, are probably enough to clog all your veins, but it is tasty!
What makes piti extra special is the way it is served with the broth in which it was cooked, poured into a bowl and eaten first and then the stew added on top of the plate when the broth is eaten (or when there is a bit left).
Bread can be added to the broth as well. To serve it, the pot where it was all cooked is brought to the table, the broth poured onto the soup plate and then the stew mashed inside the piti. It is as delicious as it sounds and definitively rich.
Nuts
Azerbaijan produces a lot of nuts, particularly walnuts and hazelnuts. So in the summer, when they are in season, you will see them being sold everywhere, roadside, in street stalls, in shops… be sure to try them out and, if you’ve never seen them before, buy them raw, inside their shells.
Lavash Turshu
Lavash turshu has to be the weirdest item I have ever eaten. It is difficult to explain but try to imagine a sweet, salty and sour pickled fruit pancake that is left to dry in the sun. That was a mouthful but it truly is what I just said. Locals take fruit, cook it slowly with vinegar and sugar to make a sort of jam, then spread the jam into pancake shapes and leave it to dry in the sun.
It is sold roadside everywhere outside of Baku and also at market stalls and their colourful appearance is hard to miss. It is not so common to find it in shops and is certainly unique. Turshu refers to vegetable pickles that are very common in the Caucasus region.
Pickles in pots can be found everywhere in the country. The lavash version is this pickle-flavour type of pancake that can be made with fruits or vegetables. They are also a great way to try different fruits unique to the country. I enjoyed the fruity lavash but not the vegetable ones which I found very unpleasant. They are not for everyone, but you should definitively try.
Where to eat in Baku for the best Azerbaijan food
You now know which are the dishes you should try in Baku and Azerbaijan but now I should tell you where to enjoy them in Baku. The Azeri capital has a host of restaurants and cafes.
Local Azerbaijanis are social, welcoming and love drinking tea and eating. There are plenty of international restaurants in Baku, including Italian, Japanese and all the usual international fast food chains and even Starbucks.
To try traditional Azerbaijani dishes like the ones I have listed above, you should aim for the restaurants in the Old City, particularly the caravanserai style ones. However, there are also a few more modern restaurants where the best Azerbaijani dishes are served. These are great places to eat in Baku which I tested myself or were a direct recommendation from friends.
Evde Bar and grill (permanently closed)
Evde is a well established restaurant in Baku that was under renovation when we visited but came recommended in every guide and by every friend. It is a modern take on Armenian cuisine in a hip traditional environment.
As Armenia shares a lot of heritage with Azerbaijan you can taste some of the typical dishes here. Dishes are served in pretty plates with a designer twist and they are as pretty as they taste. Evde is owned by the Beat Group, the brand behind the poshest places in Baku and the beach clubs on the coast, including Cafe Del Mar.
Shirvanshah Muzey Restoran
Located in an old building and made of a few rooms each decorated with local artefacts and items Shirvanshah Muzey Restoran is a very traditionally decorated and designed restaurant with stone walls, rugs and chandeliers. What is more, Shirvanshahs Musey is a true museum restaurant with lots of local art pieces on display and even live music that makes it feel like a show. The food could not be any more authentic and you will find most of the dishes above here, all served on pretty dishes.
Get in touch with them on Facebook
Firuze
This was my favourite restaurant in Baku. Firuze is a traditional basement restaurant serving local food in a cozy setting and located very near the Old City in the lively neighbourhood just to the side. Firuze feels much like Shirvanshah Muzey Restoran but in a simpler more casual way.
Expect rugs hanging from the wall and all of Azerbaijan’s typical dishes on offer including Piti and Shah Pilaf which were both fantastic examples of the local Azeri cuisine, not to be missed. Firuze has separate smoking and non smoking sections.
Get in touch with them on Facebook or their website
Zeytun
One of the few restaurants which comes with a view. It is located at the top floor of a shopping mall by the sea boulevard and has views over the shoreline. However, in the summer months beware that the glass walls come up so it is not technically outdoors. The food is traditionally Azeri and delicious with one of the most extensive menus I have seen including lots of international dishes and a long list of soups and grilled meats (kebabs).
Get in touch with Zeytun on Facebook.
Sahil bar and grill
Sahil is a great option, also by the Bulvar and the sea like Zeytun, but which I preferred. At Sahil the outdoor seating is truly under the stars and next to a merry go round. Food here is traditionally Azeri and the staff is very friendly and useful.
All the dishes at Sahil were very tasty and the setting perhaps a bit more refined and pleasant as we could enjoy the balmy evening outside. Inside, Sahil is a swanky bar with a New York feel to it. The entrance is at the back through a set of stairs.
Get in touch with Sahil on Facebook
Mugam Club
Mugam Club is a caravanserai with very beautiful interiors and decor also located in the Old City. Inside, the rugs and carpets as well as the glass roof provide a cozy yet familiar feeling and you can enjoy Azeri dishes just like the traders used to do centuries ago. At night, the venue turns into a romantic setting in lovely traditional Azeri heritage.
Get in touch with Mugam on their website
Art Garden
Located in the Old City, Art Garden is one of the three main caravanserais that are close to the Maiden Tower and belong to historical buildings, it is also close to Mughal Club. Sit in the now tented courtyard of this caravanserai and enjoy local food or afternoon tea with sweets to take respite from the heat of walking in the Old City. This is one of the few places in the Old Town you can actually drive all the way to.
Get in touch with Art Garden on their website
Çay Bağı 145
Çay Bağı 145 is a tea house and cafe located right above the old market ruins with perfect views of the Maiden Tower, the hammam and the old market. At night, this is one of the most pleasant places to enjoy a tea and shisha. Alcohol is not served here but they have a huge selection of teas and food as well. A highly recommended place to come after dinner to chill with a drink. Their fruit teas are lovely.
Get in touch with Çay Bağı 145 on Facebook
Sehrli Tandir or Qazmaq
Two great breakfast options along the fortress wall of the Old City. You can watch the tandoori bread being cooked here by the highly skilled lady who somehow manages to survive the extremely high temperatures of the oven. Each bread piece is cooked fresh and served piping hot.
Both Sehrli Tandir or Qazmaq are unassuming casual places to enjoy a leisurely traditional Azeri breakfast of tea, honey, butter, cream, cheese and bread. These are one of the few places that are open in the mornings (9am).
Visit their Facebook pages here and here.
Cizz Bizz Old City (formerly Royal Garden Oghuz)
Cizz bizz is large restaurant and a lovely gem in the fortress walls of the city, just across from Sehrli Tandir or Qazmaq. The outdoor verandah is shaded under vine leaves and opening onto the street. The area inside is huge and spread over several floors and spaces, worth checking out if only to see how these Old City buildings look like.
The food is local and delicious and the staff are very friendly. This is a great spot for lunch after walking around the Old City. It is easily accessible from outside the city’s walls through a gate that is right in front of it.
Get in touch with Cizz Bizz on Facebook.
Other great restaurants in Baku serving international cuisine
Although I always love enjoying local foods on my travels, it is true that sometimes one needs a bit of a break with some comfort food and familiar dishes. And by that I do not mean fast food but other international recipes from Italian, International or Japanese origin. If you feel the need for a change, these are the best international restaurants in Baku.
OroNero
The poshest and possibly only fine dining restaurant worth of a mention is OroNero, the top dining option at the JW Marriott Hotel serving Italian food in black and golden surroundings that pay homage to its name. You may not remember you are in Baku but if a break from Azeri cuisine is what you are looking for, then this is the place. The restaurant also has an extensive wine list and an outdoor terrace for a pre-dinner drink.
Get in touch with them on their website
M’eat Steakhouse
Also owned by the Beat Group, M’eat is a steakhouse serving all cuts of meat in a New York loft-inspired, leather sofa, brick walled environment. The restaurant is masculine, refined and seems to appeal to the “real, rough men”, although I enjoyed the food too.
This is a great place to come if you are craving good wine, as it is hard to come by in Baku, despite they make it locally in Azerbaijan. It is just not a common drink. The food selection at M’eat is more Argentina than the food in Baku and you could be anywhere in the world but it is a solid and well executed steakhouse.
Get in touch with M’eat on their website
Entree Bakeries
Entree Bakeries is a chain so there are a few in town. This is the place for an international breakfast. Azeri breakfast is great, I have mentioned it in the list of best foods to eat in Azerbaijan, but if you are looking for a wide range of a Western-inspired pastries and breakfast items, like freshly cooked eggs, Entree will satisfy those cravings. You can pick the outlet that best suits your day’s itinerary but the bakery that I have marked on the map is their flagship store. This is also one of the few places open early, Baku is not a morning city.
Get in touch with Entree on Facebook
Chinar
The only fashionable and sophisticated lounge bar in town where you have a modern city feel with a serving of pan-Asian food. Chinar is located in what once was a traditional teahouse surrounded by chinar trees which are still there, in the pleasant outdoor terrace. At Chinar guests are dressed up and come to see and be seen, it feels very much like the sleek place in town, of which Baku does not have many. This is a good place to come enjoy a pre-dinner cocktail (they are great) or a night cap that sometimes turns into a full fledged party.
The outdoor terrace area with cabana style sofas provides a sense of romance and privacy to cuddled-up couples that enjoy drinks to the background of a live DJ. The Xian terracotta warriors greeting you at the entrance are something different in Baku. This is also one of the few places in Baku that has a facebook page in English, for that extra international touch.
Get in touch with Chinar on their website
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